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Hydraulic Pressure Reducing Valve Selection Guide

A pressure reducing valve holds a lower, constant pressure in one branch than the main system, for example a clamping circuit next to a cylinder that needs high force. Unlike a relief valve it regulates the downstream (secondary) pressure, not the inlet. This guide walks through function, selection criteria and common mistakes step by step.

5 minStand: 2026-07Geprüft: Hydraulics specialists
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3-way
Type that relieves back-pressure
ISO VG 46
Typical oil viscosity
350 bar
Common rated pressure stage
5-8 bar
Typical control differential
Inhalt
  1. Function
  2. Selection
  3. Fitting
  4. Frequently asked questions

How does a pressure reducing valve work?

A pressure reducing valve keeps an adjustable pressure at its outlet (secondary side) that stays below system pressure. If the secondary pressure rises above the setpoint, the control edge throttles the inflow until the setpoint is reached again. It therefore regulates the downstream pressure and protects sensitive consumers such as clamping cylinders or feed units from the full system pressure.

Do not confuse them: a relief valve protects the system and regulates the inlet pressure, while a pressure reducing valve regulates the outlet pressure of a branch. Both act against an adjustable spring.

Which parameters decide the selection?

The key figures are rated pressure, nominal size (flow), the secondary pressure range to be set and the design. Flow determines the pressure drop across the valve: undersized, the loss grows and the secondary pressure turns unstable. Match the nominal size to the maximum flow of the branch, not to the whole power unit.

  • Base sizing on the branch's maximum flow from the datasheet.
  • Check secondary pressure with a gauge near the consumer, not at the unit.
  • Choose a 3-way type for trapped volume and load changes.
  • Route the drain port (Y) of pilot-operated valves pressure-free to tank.

What matters for fitting and setting?

Set the secondary pressure with the system running at typical oil temperature, because viscosity shifts the control point. A gauge at the consumer shows the pressure actually applied. Clean oil to the required cleanliness class markedly extends the life of the control edge, since dirt particles cause drift and internal leakage.

Set the setpoint

Adjust at operating temperature and measure at the consumer.

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Oil care

Keep the cleanliness class, check filters and oil condition.

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Check sizing

Size nominal flow and pressure range together up front.

Ask for advice
A drain port routed pressure-free to tank is a must: back-pressure in the pilot line shifts the setpoint and can make the valve regulate unsteadily.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between a pressure reducing valve and a relief valve?

A relief valve limits pressure in the main system and opens to tank once the maximum is reached. A pressure reducing valve holds a lower, constant pressure at the outlet of a branch. One protects the system, the other supplies a consumer at reduced pressure.

When do I need a 3-way version?

When pressure can be trapped in the controlled circuit or load changes push the secondary pressure above the setpoint. The 3-way type relieves that over-pressure through a third port to tank and keeps the setpoint stable.

Why does my secondary pressure fluctuate?

Common causes are an undersized valve with a high pressure drop, a drain port with back-pressure, or dirty oil that lets the control edge drift. Check nominal size, drain routing to tank and oil cleanliness.

Find the right pressure reducing valve

Our hydraulics specialists help with type, nominal size and pressure range for your branch.

Vetted selection

Recommendations from maker data and field values.

Correct sizing

Nominal size and pressure range matched to the branch.

Safe operation

Drain routing and setpoint adjustment clearly explained.

Expert advice

Hydraulics specialists support your selection.